Definition
A stud is a vertical framing member in a building's wall. Studs form the structural framework that supports wall sheathing, finishes, and attachments. Standard studs are 2x4 or 2x6 lumber, spaced 16 or 24 inches on-center. Steel studs are also available for commercial construction. Studs run from the bottom plate to the top plate, with openings for windows and doors framed by jack studs (trimmers) and king studs.
Formula
For a 20-foot wall at 16 inches OC: 240 / 16 = 15 studs. Add 2 for each corner (if applicable), 2 for each intersection, and 1 for each window/door opening. Add 10-15% for waste. For a typical room, this results in approximately 1 stud per linear foot of wall plus extras.
Example
Stud Calculation Example
A 12x16 foot room with 8-foot ceilings: Perimeter = 12+12+16+16 = 56 feet. At 16 inches OC, basic studs = 56 x (12/16) = 42 studs. Add 4 for corners, 8 for window/door openings, and 15% waste (6 studs). Total: approximately 60 studs. Use pre-cut 92-5/8 inch studs for 8-foot walls (allowing for plates).